Перевод: со всех языков на английский

с английского на все языки

OPENING COTTON

  • 1 Opening Cotton

    This is done on machines which beat the cotton into a more fleecy condition and also remove a good proportion of the dirt and heavier impurities. Cotton openers are of three main types: (1) Those with vertical porcupine beaters, known as Crighton openers; (2) Those with large horizontal porcupine cylinders, known as the Buckley type, with or without bladed beaters; (3) Exhaust openers in which two fans are placed, one on each side of a small horizontal porcupine beater.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Opening Cotton

  • 2 Cotton Spinning

    To convert raw cotton from the bale to the yarn requires the following operations: - Bale-breaking, Mixing or Blending, Opening, Scutching, Carding, Combing, Drawing, Spinning. Each operation is described under its term.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Cotton Spinning

  • 3 ko’rak

    cotton plants frostbitten before opening

    Uzbek-English dictionary > ko’rak

  • 4 encabezamiento

    m.
    1 heading.
    2 headline, caption, title, heading.
    * * *
    1 (gen) heading
    2 (fórmula) form of address
    3 (preámbulo) preamble
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=en periódico) headline, caption; (=de carta) heading; (=preámbulo) foreword, preface; (Com) bill head, letterhead
    2) (=registro) roll, register
    * * *
    a) ( en carta - saludo) opening; (- dirección, fecha) heading
    b) (en ficha, documento) heading
    * * *
    = heading, index entry, index heading, index term, subject statement, entry heading, rubric, category heading.
    Ex. A heading is the initial element of an entry, used as the principal filing element when the entry is arranged in an alphabetical listing.
    Ex. All index entries and references in a PRECIS index are derived from an indexing string.
    Ex. If one word is used out of context as an index heading, plainly it will be difficult to establish the interpretation to be placed on the homograph.
    Ex. This access is achieved by organising the tools so that a user may search under a specific access point or heading or index term, for example, subject term, author, name, title, date.
    Ex. Next, the computer generates a series of entries with a complete subject statement at every entry point.
    Ex. By contrast, in the 1962 BTI three entry headings, with one entry under each, and seven cross reference headings, have to be combed through to find reference from 'HYDROGEN Peroxide, Bleaching, Cotton' to its reverse.
    Ex. And, as another instance, it's not fair to employ rubrics for ethnic groups that are not their own, preferred names.
    Ex. In one library, the director objected to the category heading 'Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender' = En una biblioteca, el director se opuso a que se utilizase la categoría "Gay, Lesbiana, Bisexual y Transexual".
    ----
    * área de encabezamiento = header area.
    * asignar un encabezamiento = assign + heading, establish + heading, label with + a heading.
    * colocar como primer elemento de un encabezamiento compuesto = lead.
    * construir un encabezamiento = construct + heading.
    * encabezamiento aceptado = uniform heading.
    * encabezamiento adjetival = adjectival heading, adjectival phrase heading.
    * encabezamiento admitido = approved heading, preferred heading.
    * encabezamiento alfabético = alphabetical index heading.
    * encabezamiento alfabético de materia = alphabetical subject heading.
    * encabezamiento autorizado = established heading.
    * encabezamiento compuesto = composite heading, compound heading.
    * encabezamiento compuesto de varias palabras = multi-word heading.
    * encabezamiento conceptual = concept heading.
    * encabezamiento de autor = author heading.
    * encabezamiento de autoridad = authority heading.
    * encabezamiento de forma = form heading.
    * encabezamiento de frase conjuntiva = conjunctive phrase heading.
    * encabezamiento de frase preposicional = prepositional phrase heading.
    * encabezamiento demasiado general = much-too-broad heading.
    * encabezamiento de materia = subject heading, subject description.
    * encabezamiento de materia controlado = controlled subject heading.
    * encabezamiento de materia específico = specific subject heading.
    * encabezamiento de microficha = microfiche header.
    * encabezamiento de nombre = name heading.
    * encabezamiento de nombre corporativo = corporate name heading.
    * encabezamiento de nombre personal = personal name heading.
    * encabezamiento de referencia = reference heading.
    * encabezamiento general = class entry.
    * encabezamiento informativo = explanatory heading.
    * encabezamiento informativo general = general explanatory heading.
    * encabezamiento invertido = inverted heading.
    * encabezamiento no aceptado = unestablished heading.
    * encabezamiento no admitido = non-approved heading.
    * encabezamiento no específico = non-specific heading.
    * encabezamiento obsoleto = dead heading.
    * encabezamiento paralelo = parallel heading.
    * encabezamiento personal uniforme = uniform personal heading.
    * encabezamiento por título = title entry.
    * encabezamiento preciso = coextensive heading.
    * encabezamiento principal = lead term, main entry heading.
    * encabezamiento relacionado = related heading.
    * Encabezamientos de Materia de Medicina (MeSH) = Medical Subject Headings (MeSH).
    * encabezamientos de nombre y título = name-title headings.
    * encabezamiento secundario = added entry heading.
    * encabezamiento subdividido o con subdivisiones = subdivided heading.
    * encabezamiento temático = topical heading.
    * encabezamiento uniforme = uniform heading.
    * frase como encabezamiento = phrase heading.
    * incluir como registro de encabezamiento secundario = trace.
    * LCSH (Lista de Encabezamientos de Materia de la Biblioteca del Congreso) = LCSH (Library of Congress List of Subject Headings).
    * lista alfabética de encabezamientos de mat = alphabetical list of subject headings.
    * lista de encabezamientos de materia = subject headings list.
    * Lista de Encabezamientos de Materia de la Asociación de Bibliotecas Escolar = SLA List.
    * Lista de Encabezamientos de Materias de Sears = Sears' List of Subject Headings.
    * normalización de un encabezamiento = establishment of + a uniform heading.
    * orden de combinación de encabezamientos = citation order.
    * primera palabra del encabezamiento = entry word.
    * registro de encabezamiento secundario de materia = subject tracing.
    * registro de encabezamientos secundarios = tracing.
    * termino inicial de un encabezamiento compuesto = lead term, main heading.
    * traducción de encabezamientos a través de notaciones bibliográficas = information switching.
    * variante de un encabezamiento = variant heading.
    * * *
    a) ( en carta - saludo) opening; (- dirección, fecha) heading
    b) (en ficha, documento) heading
    * * *
    = heading, index entry, index heading, index term, subject statement, entry heading, rubric, category heading.

    Ex: A heading is the initial element of an entry, used as the principal filing element when the entry is arranged in an alphabetical listing.

    Ex: All index entries and references in a PRECIS index are derived from an indexing string.
    Ex: If one word is used out of context as an index heading, plainly it will be difficult to establish the interpretation to be placed on the homograph.
    Ex: This access is achieved by organising the tools so that a user may search under a specific access point or heading or index term, for example, subject term, author, name, title, date.
    Ex: Next, the computer generates a series of entries with a complete subject statement at every entry point.
    Ex: By contrast, in the 1962 BTI three entry headings, with one entry under each, and seven cross reference headings, have to be combed through to find reference from 'HYDROGEN Peroxide, Bleaching, Cotton' to its reverse.
    Ex: And, as another instance, it's not fair to employ rubrics for ethnic groups that are not their own, preferred names.
    Ex: In one library, the director objected to the category heading 'Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender' = En una biblioteca, el director se opuso a que se utilizase la categoría "Gay, Lesbiana, Bisexual y Transexual".
    * área de encabezamiento = header area.
    * asignar un encabezamiento = assign + heading, establish + heading, label with + a heading.
    * colocar como primer elemento de un encabezamiento compuesto = lead.
    * construir un encabezamiento = construct + heading.
    * encabezamiento aceptado = uniform heading.
    * encabezamiento adjetival = adjectival heading, adjectival phrase heading.
    * encabezamiento admitido = approved heading, preferred heading.
    * encabezamiento alfabético = alphabetical index heading.
    * encabezamiento alfabético de materia = alphabetical subject heading.
    * encabezamiento autorizado = established heading.
    * encabezamiento compuesto = composite heading, compound heading.
    * encabezamiento compuesto de varias palabras = multi-word heading.
    * encabezamiento conceptual = concept heading.
    * encabezamiento de autor = author heading.
    * encabezamiento de autoridad = authority heading.
    * encabezamiento de forma = form heading.
    * encabezamiento de frase conjuntiva = conjunctive phrase heading.
    * encabezamiento de frase preposicional = prepositional phrase heading.
    * encabezamiento demasiado general = much-too-broad heading.
    * encabezamiento de materia = subject heading, subject description.
    * encabezamiento de materia controlado = controlled subject heading.
    * encabezamiento de materia específico = specific subject heading.
    * encabezamiento de microficha = microfiche header.
    * encabezamiento de nombre = name heading.
    * encabezamiento de nombre corporativo = corporate name heading.
    * encabezamiento de nombre personal = personal name heading.
    * encabezamiento de referencia = reference heading.
    * encabezamiento general = class entry.
    * encabezamiento informativo = explanatory heading.
    * encabezamiento informativo general = general explanatory heading.
    * encabezamiento invertido = inverted heading.
    * encabezamiento no aceptado = unestablished heading.
    * encabezamiento no admitido = non-approved heading.
    * encabezamiento no específico = non-specific heading.
    * encabezamiento obsoleto = dead heading.
    * encabezamiento paralelo = parallel heading.
    * encabezamiento personal uniforme = uniform personal heading.
    * encabezamiento por título = title entry.
    * encabezamiento preciso = coextensive heading.
    * encabezamiento principal = lead term, main entry heading.
    * encabezamiento relacionado = related heading.
    * Encabezamientos de Materia de Medicina (MeSH) = Medical Subject Headings (MeSH).
    * encabezamientos de nombre y título = name-title headings.
    * encabezamiento secundario = added entry heading.
    * encabezamiento subdividido o con subdivisiones = subdivided heading.
    * encabezamiento temático = topical heading.
    * encabezamiento uniforme = uniform heading.
    * frase como encabezamiento = phrase heading.
    * incluir como registro de encabezamiento secundario = trace.
    * LCSH (Lista de Encabezamientos de Materia de la Biblioteca del Congreso) = LCSH (Library of Congress List of Subject Headings).
    * lista alfabética de encabezamientos de mat = alphabetical list of subject headings.
    * lista de encabezamientos de materia = subject headings list.
    * Lista de Encabezamientos de Materia de la Asociación de Bibliotecas Escolar = SLA List.
    * Lista de Encabezamientos de Materias de Sears = Sears' List of Subject Headings.
    * normalización de un encabezamiento = establishment of + a uniform heading.
    * orden de combinación de encabezamientos = citation order.
    * primera palabra del encabezamiento = entry word.
    * registro de encabezamiento secundario de materia = subject tracing.
    * registro de encabezamientos secundarios = tracing.
    * termino inicial de un encabezamiento compuesto = lead term, main heading.
    * traducción de encabezamientos a través de notaciones bibliográficas = information switching.
    * variante de un encabezamiento = variant heading.

    * * *
    1 (en una carta — saludo) opening, salutation ( frml); (— dirección, fecha) heading
    2 (en una ficha) heading
    3 (de un documento, apartado) heading
    * * *

    encabezamiento sustantivo masculino

    (— dirección, fecha) heading
    b) (en ficha, documento) heading

    encabezamiento sustantivo masculino
    1 (de una carta) heading
    (de un periódico) headline
    2 (de una manifestación) head
    ' encabezamiento' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    rótulo
    English:
    rubric
    - head
    - heading
    * * *
    1. [de carta] opening;
    [de escrito, lista, apartado] heading; [en periódico] headline
    2. [preámbulo] foreword
    * * *
    m heading
    * * *
    1) : heading
    2) : salutation, opening
    * * *
    encabezamiento n heading

    Spanish-English dictionary > encabezamiento

  • 5 Snodgrass, Neil

    SUBJECT AREA: Textiles
    [br]
    fl. late 1790s Scotland
    [br]
    Scottish inventor of the scutcher for opening and cleaning raw cotton.
    [br]
    Raw cotton arrived in Britain in tightly packed bales. Before spinning, the fibres had to be opened out, and dirt, seeds and bits of plant had to be removed. This was an unpleasant and fatiguing job usually carried out by women and children. By 1800 it could be done by two machines. The first stage in opening was the "willow" and then the cotton was passed through the "scutcher" to open it further and give it a more effective cleaning. These machines reduced the labour of the operation to about one-twentieth of what it had been. The scutching machine was constructed by Snodgrass and first used at Houston's mill in Johnstone, near Paisley, in 1797. It was derived from the threshing machine invented by Andrew Meikle of Phantassie in 1786. In the scutcher, revolving bars beat the cotton to separate the fibres from the trash. As the dirt fell out, the cotton was blown forward by a fan and was rolled up into a lap at the end of the machine. Scutchers were not introduced to Manchester until 1808 or 1809 and further improvements were soon made to them.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    R.L.Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester (covers the development of the scutcher).
    W.English, 1970, The Textile Industry, London (provides a brief account).
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Snodgrass, Neil

  • 6 Carding

    A very thorough opening out and separating of the fibres of cotton, together with an effective cleaning. Upon the work done by the carder depends the success of the future operations in the making of cloth. This opening and cleaning of the cotton can be so well done by the carding machine that it suffices for all classes of yarn, except the very highest quality. The fibres are ranged in a parallel position, and delivered as a silver into cans. This machine is the last where cleaning the cotton takes place (unless the cotton has to be combed). Carded yarns contain the shorter fibres and are more full than combed, they give better cover in the cloth and are less costly. Super carded yarns mean that a special cleaning has removed the very short fibres and fine impurities giving a cleaner yarn (see Carding Engine)

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Carding

  • 7 Blowing Room

    Generally speaking, the blowing room of a spinning mill is the room where the cotton is opened out and the masses of matted fibre loosened, and to extract the impurities, and as far as possible defective fibre. The cotton is also made into a lap form. The cotton is first passed through the " bale-breaker " and along lattices to the mixing, from the mixing to the hopper feeder of the " opener," which opens and cleans the cotton and delivers it in the lap form. After the opener it passes to the scutcher, intermediate and finisher. The scutchers carry on the opening, cleaning and equalising of the cotton.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Blowing Room

  • 8 Scutching

    An operation in preparing cotton for spinning that has three objects, to reduce the cotton to a loose open condition by beating it, removal of impurities remaining in the cotton after opening, and the formation of a continuous lap or web of cotton wound on to a rod - which laps go forward to the carding engine.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Scutching

  • 9 Garnett Machine

    A machine for opening hard-twisted woollen, worsted, cotton and silk wastes; also for use in succession to the rag-tearing machine in further opening the material and preparing it for the subsequent process of carding. The machines are made ' with one, two, three or more swifts, with self-contained component parts, while the back and front parts of the machine are detachable and can be moved away on rails. The material is fed to the machine either by hand or through an automatic feeder, and after passing between feed rollers is subjected to the first opening process by encountering the teeth or " Garnett " clothing on a licker-in roller. The points of this clothing pass through the material held by the feed rollers, and carry forward any loose fibres liberated from their grip. Continuing its course through the machine the material is carried on to the first large cylinder or swift, which is also covered with " Garnett " clothing, the points of which are keener than those on the licker-in roller.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Garnett Machine

  • 10 разрыхлитель хлопчатобумажных угаров

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > разрыхлитель хлопчатобумажных угаров

  • 11 Bale Breakers

    This is a machine used for breaking and opening the cotton direct from the bale, the cotton is also cleaned. Blending or mixing is carried on. The hopper type is generally used as it gives a better blending and has greater facilities for the dirt, leaf, etc. to fall away.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Bale Breakers

  • 12 Boll

    The seed pod of cotton and has from three to five cells, each of which contains from six to twelve seeds, the seeds being covered with cotton fibres. Like the fruit of other plants, the pod alters its colour at different periods of growth, changing from green to brown, the covering often becoming of a dark-brown colour and very hard before opening. The development of the component parts inside the pod sets up a great pressure, which doubtless tends to flatten the fibres. Actual ripening of the fibre takes place to a great extent after the pod has burst, because then, the fibres are liberated which allows them to expand and be acted upon by the air and sun.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Boll

  • 13 угарная разрыхлительно-трепальная машина

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > угарная разрыхлительно-трепальная машина

  • 14 Blower

    The scutcher is actually the blower, but this term is also applied to the opening and scutching machine, which, by means of fans, drives the cotton through.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Blower

  • 15 Dirty Or Soiled Yarn

    This is caused in numerous ways. Black or dirty oil is the most serious cause and difficult to remedy - specky cotton - poor opening and carding processes - dirty, perspiring hinds, etc., all produce much soiled yarn.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Dirty Or Soiled Yarn

  • 16 Perching

    A process for raising a nap on the back of heavy cotton fabrics such as moleskins, swansdown, etc. In the wool trade this term refers to the examination of fabrics in the open width, in a good light. The cloth is drawn over a "perch" or long roller fixed near to a window when all faults are shown up. The faults are repaired and imperfections made good by picking, hurling and mending. The perching is done before finishing. Picking consists in removing from the face of the cloth all hairs, kemps, straws, etc. Burling is removing from the back of the cloth all slubs, straws, etc., drawing out thick threads of warp and weft, opening the knots, and pushing loose ends and curls on to the back so that the face is clear of all irregularities. Mending is the inserting of yarn in places where threads of warp or weft are missing from the cloth.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Perching

  • 17 Yeoman, Thomas

    SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering
    [br]
    b. c. 1700 probably near Northampton, England
    d. 24 January 1781 London, England
    [br]
    English surveyor and civil engineer.
    [br]
    Very little is known of his early life, but he was clearly a skilful and gifted engineer who had received comprehensive practical training, for in 1743 he erected the machinery in the world's first water-powered cotton mill at Northampton on the river Nene. In 1748 he invented a weighing machine for use by turnpike trusts for weighing wagons. Until 1757 he remained in Northampton, mainly surveying enclosures and turnpike roads and making agricultural machinery. He also gained a national reputation for building and installing very successful ventilating equipment (invented by Dr Stephen Hales) in hospitals, prisons and ships, including some ventilators of Yeoman's own design in the Houses of Parliament.
    Meanwhile he developed an interest in river improvements, and in 1744 he made his first survey of the River Nene between Thrapston and Northampton; he repeated the survey in 1753 and subsequently gave evidence in parliamentary proceedings in 1756. The following year he was in Gloucestershire surveying the line of the Stroudwater Canal, an operation that he repeated in 1776. Also in 1757, he was appointed Surveyor to the River Ivel Navigation in Bedfordshire. In 1761 he was back on the Nene. During 1762–5 he carried out surveys for the Chelmer \& Blackwater Navigation, although the work was not undertaken for another thirty years. In 1765 he reported on land-drainage improvements for the Kentish Sour. It was at this time that he became associated with John Smeaton in a major survey in 1766 of the river Lea for the Lee Navigation Trustees, having already made some surveys with Joseph Nickalls near Waltham Abbey in 1762. Yeoman modified some of Smeaton's proposals and on 1 July 1767 was officially appointed Surveyor to the Lee Navigation Trustees, a post he retained until 1771. He also advised on the work to create the Stort Navigation, and at the official opening on 24 October 1769 he made a formal speech announcing: "Now is Bishops Stortford open to all the ports of the world." Among his other works were: advice on Ferriby Sluice on the River Ancholme (1766); reports on the Forth \& Clyde Canal, the North Level and Wisbech outfall on the Nene, the Coventry Canal, and estimates for the Leeds and Selby Canal (1768–71); estimates for the extension of the Medway Navigation from Tonbridge to Edenbridge (1771); and between 1767 and 1777 he was consulted, with other engineers, by the City of London on problems regarding the Thames.
    He joined the Northampton Philosophical Society shortly after its formation in 1743 and was President several times before he moved to London. In 1760 he became a member of the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce, and in 1763 he was chosen as joint Chairman of the Committee on Mechanics—a position he held until 1778. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society on 12 January 1764. On the formation of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers, the forerunner of the present Institution of Civil Engineers, he was elected first President in 1771, remaining as such until his illness in 1780.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    FRS 1764. President, Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers 1771–80; Treasurer 1771–7.
    JHB

    Biographical history of technology > Yeoman, Thomas

См. также в других словарях:

  • Cotton Bowl (stadium) — Cotton Bowl The House That Doak Built Former names Fair Park Stadium (1930 1936) Location …   Wikipedia

  • Cotton-Eyed Joe — also known as Cotton Eye Joe Published pre 1861 Cotton Eyed Joe is a popular American folk song known at various times throughout the United States and Canada, although today it is most commonly associated with the American South. In the Roud… …   Wikipedia

  • Cotton Belt Rail Line — Overview Type Commuter rail System Dallas Area Rapid Transit, Fort Worth Transportation Authority Status Planning Locale …   Wikipedia

  • Opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway — The Duke of Wellington s train and other locomotives being readied for departure from Liverpool, 15 September 1830 The opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L M) took place on 15 September 1830 …   Wikipedia

  • cotton — /kot n/, n. 1. a soft, white, downy substance consisting of the hairs or fibers attached to the seeds of plants belonging to the genus Gossypium, of the mallow family, used in making fabrics, thread, wadding, etc. 2. the plant itself, having… …   Universalium

  • Cotton — /kot n/, n. John, 1584 1652, U.S. clergyman, colonist, and author (grandfather of Cotton Mather). * * * I Seed hair fibre of various plants of the genus Gossypium, in the mallow family, native to most subtropical countries. The shrubby plants… …   Universalium

  • Cotton diplomacy — During the 1850s and the American Civil War, cotton diplomacy was the idea that Britain and France required cotton from the South (see King Cotton). However, the Confederate States of America significantly overestimated the leverage that the… …   Wikipedia

  • Cotton competitiveness provisions — The cotton competitiveness provisions are provisions added by the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 to the cotton program designed to keep U.S. cotton prices competitive in domestic and export markets. Sometimes referred to… …   Wikipedia

  • Cotton Comes to Harlem — For the original novel, see Cotton Comes to Harlem (novel). Cotton Comes to Harlem Theatrical release poster by Robert McGinnis …   Wikipedia

  • Cotton States and International Exposition — The 1895 Cotton States and International Exposition was held at the current Piedmont Park in Atlanta, Georgia. It is most remembered for the speech given by Booker T. Washington on September 18, 1895. Lithograph of Piedmont Park plans for the… …   Wikipedia

  • Cotton Theatre — The Cotton Theatre, also known as Regent Theatre and Oster Regent Theatre, is a theater located at the corner of 1st Street and Main Street in downtown Cedar Falls, Iowa. It was named for local Cedar Falls resident Frank Cotton who built the… …   Wikipedia

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»